Introducción

Art Around “Pedregal San Angel” Team Names: ﻿Emilia Cárdenas Orozco, Patricio Domblas Silva,  Alejandro Lisci Coutiño, Sofia Mayagoitia Herington, Dafne Olea, Ana Lila Tager Zarate,Rodrigo Valle Muñoz. Tutor Name: Miss Mónica Álvarez

media type="custom" key="8330948"media type="custom" key="8175966"media type="custom" key="8176070"media type="custom" key="8176262"media type="custom" key="8238190"media type="custom" key="8338740"media type="custom" key="8331012"

__A ____r ____t __ __A ____r ____o ____u ____n ____d __ __U ____S __ __<span style="color: yellow; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt;">( ____<span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt;">I ____<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt;">n ____<span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt;">v ____<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt;">e ____<span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt;">s ____<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt;">t ____<span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt;">i ____<span style="color: yellow; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt;">g ____<span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt;">a ____<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt;">t ____<span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt;">i ____<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt;">o ____<span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt;">n) __ <span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">

<span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Starting the Theme: <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The teacher gave us a paper that had four images on it. <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">We had to observe the images carefully and try to recognize from where place the images were, and ask to the team if anyone recognized any of these images. <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">These images are ecological parks with unique and exotic plants where people go to appreciate nature. <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">We liked the first image because it had different types of plants and trees. <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The first two images we knew that they are tourist parks of Chile because Dafne had traveled there and visited those parks. <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The third image is of CU (University City) because Rodrigo and Alejandro recognized them and had gone there. <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The fourth image seemed like the entrance of a house. The two first images looked that had tropical weather because of the type of vegetation and the illumination in the image. <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">However, the other two looked with cold, warm temperature because of the illumination in it. <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">We could identify 15 different types of flora. <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In the first two images we thought that the plants and flowers need more water and resources, (gardening) to live, because they were full of color and no flower was dry__.__

<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;"><span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> R <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">e <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">f <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">l <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">e <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">x <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">i <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">ó <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">n <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">d <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">e <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">M <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">a <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">t <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">e <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">m <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">á <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">t <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">i <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">c <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">a <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">s <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">r <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">e <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">l <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">a <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">c <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">i <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">o <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">n <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">a <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">d <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">o <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">c <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">o <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">n <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">e <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">l <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">P <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">r <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">o <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">y <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">e <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">c <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">t <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">o <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">P <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">I <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">: <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">¿De qué manera las matemáticas están involucradas con el Proyecto PI? <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Para mí, las matemáticas están involucradas en este proyecto, ya que no importa lo que hagas, sino que tú entiendas lo que estás haciendo. Lo que importa de este proyecto es que tú y todas las demás personas le entiendan. Tu proyecto no puede estar tan padre, pero lo que importa es la intención del trabajo y ese trabajo puede ser muy valioso. <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Alejandro Lisci. <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Yo creo que las matemáticas tienen que ver mucho con el Proyecto Interdisciplinario, por todos los cálculos y todo lo necesario. También en lo que son fracciones, divisiones, multiplicaciones y, lo más importante, los porcentajes, también son útiles para el futuro. Todo tiene que ver con matemáticas. Por eso es que siento que el Proyecto Interdisciplinario tiene que ver con matemáticas. En nuestra vida diaria utilizamos las matemáticas; en el futuro, obviamente, también las utilizaremos demasiado, porque sin las matemáticas no evolucionamos. Eso es lo que yo creo. <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Ana Lila Tager. <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Yo pienso que en matemáticas vamos a hacer diversas gráficas con porcentajes acerca de las zonas rurales y urbanas. En matemáticas debemos de saber cómo manejar los porcentajes y ver la importancia de cada porcentaje. También es relevante conocer el uso de un promedio; debido a que necesitamos no sólo representar gráficas, sino utilizar el promedio para reconocer cuál es el dato más importante. Igualmente, tenemos que comprender qué es la moda para poder localizar el dato más común. Las matemáticas son esenciales en este proyecto porque la mayoría de la información está representada con números relevantes y útiles. <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Dafne Olea. <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Me parece que los porcentajes serán muy útiles para saber qué porcentaje de las áreas verdes está contaminado y así. Los porcentajes también nos servirán para hacer las gráficas. Igualmente, hay que aprender más tips para calcular porcentajes más rápido y que no nos salgan mal. Algo que también nos ayudará serán las fracciones y las sumas para ver que parte de las áreas verdes está limpia. <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Emilia Cárdenas. <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Las matemáticas nos ayudan a medir cuánto debemos de cavar para sembrar exactamente una flor o alguna planta y medir cuánta agua debemos de echar a las flores. <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Patricio Domblas. <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Las matemáticas nos ayudan a saber la cantidad de basura que la gente tira ya sea en porcentajes o en cantidades específicas. También podemos saber la cantidad de áreas verdes que hay en nuestra comunidad. Nos puede servir para ver también la cantidad de animales y de plantas. Sirve también para reconocer el número de especies de plantas y animales que existen en esta área verde. Finalmente podemos ver la extensión de éstas en cm2. <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Rodrigo Valle.

__<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Lost: Final Reflection __ <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">We analyzed some poems at Literature class. We worked in pairs and the teacher gave us a poem about nature. We had to answer some questions based on the poem and do a Final Reflection. I was with Emilia and we decided that instead of answering the questions and then do the final reflection; <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> we did the final reflection in which we answered the questions and added our opinion, facts, and ideas. We realized this in order to skip the question/answer exercise and work faster. I wrote like a first draft of the reflection in my notebook and then I wrote it in computer and corrected it. <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-indent: 35.4pt;">The poem we analyzed is called “Lost” and it was written by David Wagoner. We read it calmly and we had to look up a word we didn’t understand in the dictionary. This word was “wren” and here I wrote what we found: <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: auto 0cm;">Wren: A small songbird with a long, slender bill; brown feathers; and a small tail that sticks up.

<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The teacher talked with us and she explained to us what the poem means. Unfortunately, she explained us the poem after we did the reflection with what we understood, but anyway we added this information to the final reflection. We first wrote what the poem was <span style="color: #ff33cc; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> about. Then what we thought about it, what it made us feel, why and how is it related with nature, and finally we wrote our opinion about the author. We also added extra information to complete the reflection and to not only answer the questions. We also completed our reflection with Miss Estela’s information. The corrected reflection says:

<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The poem is kind of a metaphor. It talks about the forest and the different types of animals and trees that are there. It tells us that we have to find our place in the forest and respect it, because the forest belongs t <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">o nature and we can’t treat it as ours. It also says we have to trust ourselves and don’t lose our way. We have to be relaxed and as calmed as possible. This sensation we can feel it in a forest; in there we don’t worry and we forget our problems. Everyone is different and each person has to find his/her own way to relax. <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The poem wasn’t so understandable due to its vocabulary, but if you read it slowly, attentively and patiently; you can find its meaning and purpose. The purpose of this poem is to make conscience about nature and about ourselves relation with it. We have to be calm like nature and learn <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> about it. I wrote before about the meaning when I explained the theme of the poem.

<span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">This poem makes me feel confidence and peace. It also makes me feel a kind of respect to the forest, because it is a very important ecosyst <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">em that gives us oxygen and many other things. It also teaches us to be in “Nirvana”; I mean to be peaceful, happy, etc. Finally it teaches us about diversity.

<span style="color: #ff33cc; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Besides it is related to nature because it talks about the forest which is considered a green area and an ecosystem. <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> The forest is a famous ecosystem that helps us to survive and to take care of the planet. Definitely, it “sustains” the planet.

<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The author’s style is difficult and not clear. However, it is “deep <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">” and “sentimental”. It uses an easy vocabulary and makes metaphors.

<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: auto 0cm; text-indent: 35.4pt;">I pasted the poem here: <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: auto 0cm; text-indent: 35.4pt;">Lost **<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">Stand still. The trees ahead and bushes beside you ** <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">Are not lost. Wherever you are is ** **<span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">called Here, ** <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: auto 0cm; text-indent: 35.4pt;">**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">And you must treat it as a powerful stranger, ** <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: auto 0cm; text-indent: 35.4pt;">**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">Must ask permission to know it and be known. ** <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: auto 0cm; text-indent: 35.4pt;">**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">The forest breathes. Listen. It answers, ** <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: auto 0cm; text-indent: 35.4pt;">**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">I have made this place around you, ** **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">If you leave it you may come back again, saying Here ** <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: auto 0cm; text-indent: 35.4pt;">**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">No two trees are the same to Raven. ** <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">No two branches ** **<span style="color: #ff33cc; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">are the same to Wren. ** <span style="color: #ff33cc; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: auto 0cm; text-indent: 35.4pt;">**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">If what a tree or a bush does is lost on you, ** **<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">You are surely lost. Stand still. The forest knows ** <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: auto 0cm; text-indent: 35.4pt;">**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">Where you are. You must let it find you. ** **<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">David Wagoner. **

<span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> Art Investigation <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">W**<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">ho ** **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;">is ** **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;">Dr. Atl? ** <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">W**<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">hy ** **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">did ** **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">he like ** **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">to ** **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">paint ** **<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-weight: normal;">volcanoes? ** <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Dr. Atl is the nickname of a Mexican painter and writer whose name was Gerardo Morillo (Guadalajara, Jalisco; <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">October 8th1875 – Mexico City, August 15th, 1964). Dr. Atl was a landscape painter. He studied volcanology and he <span style="background: white; color: #f79646; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">liked to paint volcanoes. His significant career as a volcano painter started when he got inspired by the Paricutin’s eruption. <span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> **<span style="background: white; color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;">Art ** **<span style="background: white; color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;">Around Us ** <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">In UNAM, we can find murals and sculptures. The murals are in the buildings’ walls and most of them show important events <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">about Mexican history. The sculptures can be located in any place, but mainly there are 64 triangular sculptures at the <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">“Sculptoric Space”. <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">The “Sculptoric Space” is located at the UNAM Pedregal area besides the Cultural Center. It is over the rocks created by the volcanoes Xitle and Ajusco <span style="color: #21f32b; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">. <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">It was a collaborative idea. Among the youngest and most recognized creators of this public place are: Helen Escobedo, Manuel Felguerez, Matias Goeritz, Hersua, Sebastian <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">and Federico Silva. These people helped in the construction and planning of this area. <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">The “Sculptoric Space” was opened on April 23rd, 1979, so this year will be its 32nd <span style="color: #dd6909; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">anniversary. The treasurer of the National University at that moment, Jose Manuel Covarrubias, commented the place had very little maintenance because it was built to be <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">preserved in good conditions for a long time. Finally, another interesting fact about this place is the objective of this area, expressed in the “Sculptoric Space Manifesto”. It <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">established that this area was created with the purpose of making __art public and accessible to everybody__ <span style="color: #21f32b; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">. <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Espacio Escultórico

media type="youtube" key="e64s2h2z_EI" height="390" width="480"

<span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Besides, there are many murals we can find at the UNAM. These are some of the most important ones: <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">- Juan O’Gorman’s reliefs at the Central Library. <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-Diego Rivera’s incomplete mural at the Olympic Stadium. <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-David Alfaro Siqueiros’s giant murals at the Main Building (Torre de Rectoría). <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-Jose Chavez Morado’s mural at the Auditorium of the Faculty of Sciences. <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-Gilberto Aceves Navarro’s “recycled” mural at the Faculty of Plastic Arts. <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-Adriana Mello’s mural at the Theatre of the Cultural Center.

<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">People to the University and the University to the people (El pueblo a la Universidad y la Universidad al pueblo), <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">David Alfaro Siqueiros. <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Main Building in UNAM.

<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">In this mural with reliefs, I see some people pulling a kind of wheel and a compass. I also notice a man with wide opened arms. I think it is a very colorful mural with its bright colors. I suppose this mural is big. Finally, this mural makes me wonder why the muralist did this artwork.

<span style="color: #dd6909; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">The Conquer of the Energy (La conquista de la energía),Jose Chavez Morado. Alfonso Caso Auditorium of the Faculty of Sciences in UNAM <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">In this mural, I see some naked men throwing fire balls. They are running and perhaps jumping. At the back there is a moon. I like it because it has many shadows. I think it <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">maybe shows an ancient Aztec legend. It makes me wonder if it is the Aztec legend of how the sun and the moon were created. <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Colony Past (El pasado colonial), <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Juan O’Gorman. <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Central Library in UNAM <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">

<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">This is the mural painted on the walls of the Central Library which represents the Mexican culture. It has a book at the top, two Aztec calendars at both sides, an Aztec sun at the upper left corner, an Aztec native, a kind of pyramid or temple, an eagle, and a snake or a <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">scroll with a Latin message. I also see a Spanish conqueror who is riding a white horse. I would like it to be more colorful. Finally, I like it because it represents the Aztec history and the Colonial period. <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">and the Colonial period. <span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Ciudad Universitaria <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">The National Autonomous University of Mexico (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México -UNAM) is a public university based primarily in Mexico City and generally <span style="color: #dd6909; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">considered to be the largest one-campus university in the Americas in terms of student population. Here it is the information about who were the architects in charge of “Ciudad Universitaria”: <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">“La Comisión Técnica Directora”, chaired by the rector, and composed of university officials and a representative of the Presidency of the Republic. The committee appointed architects to project managers: Enrique del Moral, Mario Pani Darquier, Domingo García Ramos and Mauricio M. Campos, who would be <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">responsible for designating the group of architects and engineers who participate in the execution, all Mexicans. Over a hundred architects and engineers among the highlights of the country came together to work. Highlight the names of Luis Barragán, Carlos Lazo Barreiro, Juan O'Gorman, Enrique Yanez, Pedro Ramirez Vazquez, Enrique de la Mora, Enrique Guerrero Larrañaga, José Villagrán García, <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">and works as a manager, Luis Enrique Bracamontes. Also participating artists like Diego Rivera and David Alfaro Siqueiros <span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Pedregal <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Who is Mathias Goeritz? <span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">﻿ <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Mathias Goeritz was painter, sculptor and Mexican architect associated with the trend of constructive abstraction. He also studied medicine at the University of Berlin for a year. He graduated from the school of Arts and <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">crafts of Berlin Charlottenburg, and studied philosophy and art history. He traveled to France, Switzerland, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Austria and Italy, among others. In 1941 he went to Spain where he lectured and founded the known Altamira school. He lived briefly in <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Guadalajara and in 1952, he was commissioned to build a building in the city of Mexico and other projects taking part today. In 1957 he became director of visual design of the national school of architecture and in the same year, the great <span style="color: #dd6909; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">architect Luis Barragán asked him to design the entrance to the satellite city, which he made five pylon of concrete of triangular section of heights between 36 and 58 meters. These huge towers are his most famous work in Mexico.

<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">What sculpture of Mathias Goeritz <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">is in the neighborhood of Pedregal <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">de San Angel or Jardines del Pedregal? <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">In 1951, Mathias Goeritz made a sculpture named The Animal of Pedregal (El Animal del Pedregal). This abstract sculpture represents a snake which was made of reinforced concrete.

<span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">What type of style in architecture were <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">the original houses of this neighborhood? <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">﻿﻿﻿﻿ <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">The urban result of the work of Mathias Goeritz, the modernity of the houses and the union with nature was on <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">photos, models, drawings, posters, documents, books, original magazines and a video playback. It promotes the importance of their architect projects. Mathias Goeritz along with artist Luis Barragán drew the first places, sources, <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">sculptures, bars and gardens on a land bathed by lava of the Xitle volcano. The gardens of Pedregal de San Ángel are the fractions of greater historical and architectural value of the population. It contains architectural works in which modern features, namely, flat and large windows structures connected with vegetation and soil of the place.

<span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">How did they combine art and nature? <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">They drew the first squares, fountains, sculptures, fences and gardens, to the recent transformations of, resulting from land use change and new transportation needs. <span style="color: #dd6909; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">On a ground bathed in lava of the volcano Xitle, fractionation Jardines del Pedregal de San Angel contains architectural features in which modern-concrete structures, flat slabs and large windows, merge with the vegetation and soil of the place, it is creations in which shows the influence of the Viennese architect Richard Neutra.

<span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">

<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Here there are some architects of <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Pedregal de San Angel or Jardines del Pedregal:

<span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Max Cetto: <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Ludwig Max Cetto, from February 20th, 1903 to April 5th, 1980, was a German-Mexican architect, history of architecture, and professor. Born in Koblenz, Germany, Max Cetto studied at the Darmstadt University of Technology, Munich. He graduated as an architect in 1926. He moved <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">to San Francisco in 1938 where he worked in the studio of Richard Neutra. He become naturalized in Mexico and stayed here to work. <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Max Cetto in his works, which first proposed the site as it evolved the garden city was the presence of rock is looking less and then the architecture criteria, or search for a relic or other rock thereby establishing position of the house in place. Pedregal solution was how to adapt to the topography of which enhanced both <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">architecture and nature, and was what gave the picture to the garden city. The criterion of "Pedregal solution" was superimposed on the volcanic rock. This condition released to the volcanic magma and provided a tension between the amounst of linear form them. <span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Luis Barragan: <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Luis Barragan Morfin (Guadalajara, March 9th., 1902 – Mexico City, November 22nd, 1988) is considered the most important Mexican architect of the 20th century. Educated as an engineer, he graduated from the Escuela Libre de Ingenieros in Guadalajara in 1923. After graduation, he travelled extensively through Spain, France and Morocco. While he stayed in France, he became aware of the writings of Ferdinand Bac, a <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">German-French writer, designer and artist who had a huge influence on Barragán's future career. He practiced architecture in Guadalajara from 1927–1936, and later in Mexico City. <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">"Los Jardines del Pedregal de San Angel", was a landscape and urban operations conducted by the architect Luis Barragan, where there was a great architectural production developed by more than one hundred architects, which consolidated <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">a legacy of modern residential architecture. This unique work can be divided into two periods: the first is limited from its origins to the completion of the development project and landscape, where Luis Barragan was the undisputed and the architect of this operation. The second period is one where there is a <span style="color: #dd6909; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">high quality residential architecture by its formal proposal and which constitutes a formal laboratory that deserves to be assisted in detail by the quality of their proposals. <span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> <span style="color: #dd6909; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Felix Candela: <span style="color: #dd6909; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Felix Candela was born on January 27th, 1910 in Madrid, Spain. He was a Spanish architect and structural engineer. In 1927 Candela studied at the Madrid Superior Technical School of Architecture (La Escuela <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">Superior de Arquitectura), He graduated in 1935. Then Candela traveled to Germany to further studies in architecture. As soon as he started his classes, he developed a sense of geometry and he started teaching to other students in private lessons He worked from the 1930’s to the 1960’s, and he played a <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">significant role in the development of Mexican architecture. Candela’s major contribution was the engineering development of thin shells made out of reinforced concrete. Felix Candela died at the age of 87 years old on December 7th, 1997 in North Carolina. <span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Felix Candela's work developed in the city-garden was a series of five houses for the newspaper “Novedades”, which were intended to be raffled to his readers. These works were among the first studies that Candela and its partners succeeded to the newly founded company Wings SA covers.

<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">P <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">e <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">d <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">r <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">e <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">g <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">a <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">l <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">d <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">e <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">S <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">a <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">n <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">A <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">n <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">g <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">e <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">l <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">E <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">c <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">o <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">l <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">o <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">g <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">i <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">c <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">a <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">l <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;"> R <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">e <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">s <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">e <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">r <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">v <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">e <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;"> ( <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">U <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">N <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">A <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">M <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt;">)

<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15pt; line-height: 115%;">What do we do?

<span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">We went to the Pedregal de San Angel Ecological Reserve, located in UNAM, on Friday, February 18th, 2011. Our tutor (Miss Monika Alvarez) and the Science Laboratory professor (Prof. Rodrigo Gonzalez) accompanied us. <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">We took the bus at 8:14 A.M. The reserve was near Jardines de la Montaña. <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">When we arrived to the reserve, we first entered to the Botanical Garden and we walked for a while, until we met the landscape architect named Pedro Camarena. <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> He would be the person who gave us the tour through the Demonstrative Garden of Pedregal’s Native Plants. <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">We walked through it and we saw many different plants. The plants were interesting and attractive because most of them were colorful. These plants were also unknown to us <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">. <span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">After the tour, we ate lunch at 10 A.M. Then, we visited the Greenhouse and there we met Ivonne Olalde, who is the person in charge of the Greenhouse. She showed us the place and how they worked on it. <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Later on, she led us to a type of agriculture garden and we saw flowers, fruits and vegetables from the whole world. <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">She had to leave us alone and she went to the Greenhouse, so we decided to surround the Botanical Garden and see the rivers and ponds. <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> We also decided to take a little rest, in order to have energy. Finally, we did the tour around the Botanical Garden and we waited for the bus.

<span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> <span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 15pt; line-height: 115%;">What did we see?

<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">At the Demonstrative Garden of Pedregal’s Native Plants, we mostly saw plants which didn’t need water. These plants had flowers and they were very colorful. <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">They were xerophilous and they gathered water in the thorns or in the stem. The plants also had a hard bark and a few of them were dry because it is drought period. There were cactus and eucalyptus, too.

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">There were some plants that attracted our attention a lot like: <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-Crazy tree: It was full of tiny green leaves and its bark was hard and light brown.

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-Echeveria Gibbiflora: Its popular name was Donkey’s ear. It was a kind of giant and pink flower with thorns on its petals.

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #dd6909; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt;">

<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Dalia: Unfortunately, it was dry and the guide had to show us a photo from the rain season in which it has flowers. It was attractive due to its special structure that looked like a flower, but its stem was too thin.

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-s

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-Castilleja: The guide wasn’t sure if the plant we saw is a Castilleja because he didn’t find it in his “Plants Encyclopedia”, but he told us to write that we saw a Castilleja. It had a beautiful purplish color.

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-Tigridia Pavonia: It was also dry and the guide showed us a photo from the rain season in which it had red flowers. It was very attractive because its “flowers” were full of seeds. Besides, it was interesting that there was a praying mantis on it.



<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">-Wigandia: Its common name is bad woman. It was full of little hairs. If you touched them, you felt thorns and your hand was itchy.

<span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">At the Greenhouse, we saw many plants. Most of them were unknown to us. These plants were there because the Greenhouse purpose is to find the way to grow these plants easily. We also watched various seeds and we noticed that there was a tank filled with plants that were identical. We learned that this process is called “Post” and it is based on plants cloning. <span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">To do this process, you have to take a part of a plant and clone it. We got knowledge on the advantages of using “Post” or planting. Finally, we touched a special fertilizer. Unluckily, we didn’t see much because we were in a hurry.

<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">At the agriculture garden, we saw little flowers, vegetables, and fruits.

<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">The vegetables we watched were:

<span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-Beetroot. -Artichoke. -Amaranth. -Brussels sprouts. - Lettuce.

<span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">   <span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">

<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">The fruits were:

<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-Wild strawberries.

<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">

<span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">The flowers you could find there were:

<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">-Heimia.

<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">-Velvet sap.

<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">-Don’t Forget Me.

<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">-Ivy. -Lavender.

<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 22pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">

<span style="color: lime; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">What did I learn?

<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">During this visit, I learned how plants reproduce themselves. I learned that there are three ways of reproduction of the Pedregal’s flowers. These ways are:

<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">I learn that Dalia’s reproduction is like a cycle. First, when it rains, the Dalia grows too quickly so it can attract bees. Then, when the bees come for nectar, they take pollen. Meanwhile the bees carry the pollen, the flower dries and its petals go with the wind. These petals carry seeds.

<span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Castilleja‘s petals have germs in the center. When they fall down in the soil, a new plant grows.

<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Tigridia Pavonia is a flower that dries easily. When it dries, its flowers close a little. Then the wind blows away the seeds that are inside them.

<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">I also learned that there are 537 hectares which are green areas. Of these areas, 150 are out of the reserve and 237 are in the reserve. I also learned that they use 20 liters per hour per m2 to maintain the areas that aren’t inside the reserve. Here you can see a graphic of the areas of the UNAM in percentages.

<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">I also learned that there are 537 hectares which are green areas. Of these areas, 150 are out of the reserve and 237 are in the reserve. I also learned that they use 20 liters per hour per m2 to maintain the areas that aren’t inside the reserve. Here you can see a graphic of the areas of the UNAM in percentages.



<span style="color: #ff33cc; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Other thing I learned is that there is a lot of fauna in the Pedregal. The fauna is composed of:

<span style="color: #ff33cc; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-Opossums.

<span style="color: #ff33cc; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-Rabbits.

<span style="color: #ff33cc; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-Eagles.

<span style="color: #ff33cc; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-Hawks.

<span style="color: #ff33cc; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-Dogs.

<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-Foxes.

<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-Mice.

<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-Insects.

<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-Butterflies.

<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">-Cacomistles.

<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">I learned too that the Pedregal is a very special ecosystem because there are rocks that “grow” on top of the grass and plants that “grow” on top of the rocks. This ecosystem is very strange for the foreigners due to the fact that all the plants grow on the volcanic rock.

<span style="color: red; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">I already know that a green area is an ecosystem in which animals and plants live together. This ecosystem is protected because its flora and its fauna are unique. Green areas help to clean the air and give us oxygen. They also help us to get rid of “floating molecules” like dust. Green areas are very important because you can go there with your family and learn how to take care of our planet.

<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Finally, I learned what they do in a Greenhouse, for example the different methods of growing a plant by cloning or by soil. I also learned that the flowers can be feminine, masculine, or both, and that the seeds are formed from two different plants of the same family.

<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Which is the relation of this visit with our project?

<span style="color: #92d050; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">I think this visit is closely related with the project: it gave us interesting facts about the Pedregal and we could understand how flora can adapt to igneous rock. For me, this activity was helpful because in our art class we are mostly seeing everything related with the Pedregal and the Xitle. This visit also showed us to be ecological and to take care of the planet. F­inally, it showed us how and what is a green area

media type="youtube" key="G-H8_r_gTX4" height="390" width="480"

<span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">

<span style="color: #0070c0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">References **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">: <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. “Central Library/Biblioteca Central U.N.A.M”. __Flickr__. No date (25/

<span style="background: white; color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. “Unam”. __Wikipedia.__ No date (26/01/11). []

<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. “Quiénes eran arquitectos a cargo de la "Ciudad Universitaria"?”. __Wikipedia.__ No date (25/01/11). []

<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. “Félix Candela y sus obras en el Pedregal”. __Docomomo__. No date (24/01/11). <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[] <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. “El Espacio Escultórico de la UNAM cumple 31 años”. __DGCS__. 2010 (25/01/11). [|http://www].dgcs.unam.mx/boletin/bdboletin/2010_251.html <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Samaniego Acedo, Yolanda & González Márquez, María del Carmen. “Recorrido por los murales de la UNAM”. __Emprendedores UNAM__. 2008 (25/01/11)**<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">. ** [] <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. “Nombran a la UNAM Patrimonio Mundial”**<span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif';">. ** __BBC__. 2007 (25/01/11). [] <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. “El Centro Cultural Universitario: Fotografías”. __Word Press__. 2008 (25/01/11). [] <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. “Ciudad Universitaria”. __Sky Scraper Life__. 2007. (26/01/11). [] <span style="color: #d60093; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. “Imágenes de la UNAM”. __Tequio__. No date (26/01/11). []

<span style="color: #c00000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">01/11). []

<span style="color: #c00000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. “Who was Dr. Atl”. __Wikipedia__. No date (25/01/11). [|http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Atl. 24/01/11]

<span style="color: #c00000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. “General: Documentan el origen, esplendor y ocaso arquitectónico del Pedregal”. __Arq__. No date (24/01/11). []

<span style="color: #c00000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Mendoza Cruz, Ángel. “Revaloran patrimonio del Pedregal”. __Internet Expansión__. No date (25/01/11). <span style="color: #c00000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">[|http://www.obrasweb.com/art_view.asp?seccion=NOTICIAS+DE+LA+INDUSTRIA&cont_id=3368]

<span style="color: #c00000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. ““Mathias Goeritz”. __Biografías y Vidas__. 2004 (25/01/11). http:[|www.biografiasyvidas]. com/ biografia/g/goeritz.htm

<span style="color: #dd6909; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. “Mathias Goeritz”. __Arquitectos__. No date (26/01/11) <span style="color: #dd6909; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">[|http://www],__g84arquitectos.blogspot.com__.

<span style="color: #dd6909; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. “Mathias Goeritz”. __Wikipedia__. 2009 (26/01/11) []

<span style="color: #dd6909; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. “Mathias Goeritz (1915-1990)”. __Vivencias plásticas__. 2009 (26/01/10). []

<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. “Mathias Goeritz” __Las rutas de Borboa__. No date (24/01/11). <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">[|http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_FsR0J0IPpPI/SqggfuACw0I/AAAAAAAAAVc/n83kTY-bEHI/s320/matperi.jpg&imgrefurl=http://lasrutasdeborboa.blogspot.com/2009/09/mathias-goeritz.html&usg=__ZxHP8bAD2QTKYyTj9GZfOtx26d0=&h=320&w=320&sz=28&hl=es&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=SyAtjKA6IcTmUM:&tbnh=163&tbnw=151&ei=pb9ATdXOB4m2sAPNr7CoCg&prev=/images%3Fq%3Descultura%2Bque%2Bhizo%2BMathias%2BGoeritz%2Ben%2BJardines%2Bdel%2BPedregal%26um%3D1%26hl%3Des%26lr%3D%26biw%3D1419%26bih%3D634%26tbs%3Disch:1&um=1&itbs=1&iact=rc&dur=463&oei=pb9ATdXOB4m2sAPNr7CoCg&esq=1&page=1&ndsp=19&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0&tx=77&ty=118]

<span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">Anonymous. “Félix Candela y sus obras en el Pedregal”. __Wikipedia__. No date (25/01/11). <span style="color: #ffc000; font-family: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">[]